Rating History
Dissemination Date IFS Rating Outlook Action Rating Watch
30-Jun-26 AAA (ifs) Stable Maintain -
30-Jun-25 AAA (ifs) Stable Maintain -
18-Jul-24 AAA (ifs) Stable Maintain -
18-Jul-23 AAA (ifs) Stable Maintain -
19-Jul-22 AAA (ifs) Stable Maintain -
About the Entity

State Life Insurance Corporation of Pakistan was incorporated on November 1, 1972 under the Life Insurance Nationalization Order, 1972 (LINO). The Corporation is wholly owned by the Government of Pakistan, with the Ministry of Commerce exercising ownership authority. State Life's Board is chaired by Mr. Saleem Zia, while Mr. Shoaib Javed Hussain serves as Chief Executive Officer, supported by a team of seasoned professionals.

Rating Rationale

The assigned ratings reflect State Life Insurance Corporation of Pakistan (“State Life” or the "Corporation” )'s unparalleled market leadership as the sole state-owned life insurer, its exceptionally large and well-diversified investment portfolio anchored predominantly in government securities, and sustained growth in premium income. The Corporation’s ownership by the Government of Pakistan, which acts as a sovereign backstop, further reinforces its rating at the highest level. During the period under review, the renewal premium base strengthened, indicating improved policy persistency, while first-year premiums also recorded growth, reflecting continued business generation momentum. Pakistan’s life insurance industry sustained its growth trajectory during CY25; gross premium grew by 13.8% to PKR 496.9bln (CY24: PKR 436.7bln). The operating environment reflected easing inflationary pressures and a declining interest rate cycle, which influenced both product demand and investment yields across the sector. SLIC maintained its leadership position with approximately 58.2% share of industry GPW, comprising approximately 1,357 area offices, 302 sector offices, and over 11,000 agency offices spread across more than 50 zones and 14 regions. In contrast, private insurers (including Takaful operators) increased their combined share to 41.4% (CY24: 38.7%). SLIC’s gross premium of PKR 289.3mln remains the largest single premium pool among life insurers in Pakistan. The investment portfolio expanded to PKR 2,114.4bln as of CY25 (CY24: PKR 1829bln), reflecting a year-on-year growth of 15.6%. The portfolio remains heavily concentrated in government securities of PKR 1,549.3mln (CY24: PKR 1,334.3mln), classified as held-to-maturity and carried at amortized cost, with effective yields ranging between 12.38% and 16.23%, thereby ensuring stable and predictable investment income to support long-term policyholder obligations.
Profitability is primarily driven by a combination of premium revenues and recurring investment income generated from the Corporation's substantial investment portfolio. During CY25, net premium revenue increased to PKR 288.4bln (CY24: PKR 264.4bln), reflecting growth of 9.1%. The Corporation's earnings profile continues to benefit from stable investment returns on government securities, while prudent claims management and operating efficiencies support overall financial performance. The claims-paying ability of the Corporation remains strong, supported by its sizeable liquid investments and robust asset base. The total equity base of the Corporation stood at PKR 66bln as of CY25.

Key Rating Drivers

Going forward, sustained growth in premium revenues, maintenance of policy persistency, preservation of the quality and liquidity of the investment portfolio, continued profitability through both underwriting and investment operations, and retention of the Corporation's strong market position will remain important rating considerations.

Profile
Legal Structure

State Life Insurance Corporation of Pakistan (“State Life” or the "Corporation”) was established in 1972 as a public limited company under the Life Insurance Nationalization Ordinance (LINO).


Background

The Corporation was established in 1972 under the LINO. Before nationalization, 32 life insurance companies were consolidated, which later merged to form the Corporation. Its primary function is to conduct life insurance business, and it also invests policyholders' funds in various avenues.


Operations

The Corporation operates both conventional and takaful life businesses, offering non-unit-linked products that are distinct from those of the private sector. State Life manages five statutory funds: (i) Pakistan Life, (ii) Overseas Life, (iii) Pension, (iv) Accident and Health, and (v) Takaful Fund. In addition to these offerings, the Corporation will now also provide Voluntary Pension Scheme (VPS) products in both Conventional and Shariah-compliant categories, further expanding its pension and retirement solutions for policyholders. The head office of the Corporation is located in Karachi.


Ownership
Ownership Structure

State Life is wholly owned by the Government of Pakistan (GoP) through the Federal Ministry of Commerce.


Stability

The Corporation is a public sector concern, thus providing stability to the ownership structure


Business Acumen

The Federal Ministry appoints experienced individuals to manage the Corporation, ensuring strong business acumen.


Financial Strength

The Corporation gathers support from sovereign backing, which ensures strong financial stability.


Governance
Board Structure

The previous Board of State Life was retired in Mar'25. Subsequently, in Jan'26, the Federal Government appointed the Board through the appointment of a new set of directors. The reconstituted Board comprises five Independent Directors, including the Chairperson, three Non-Executive Directors representing various government ministries, and one Executive Director serving as the Chief Executive Officer (CEO).


Members’ Profile

The Board of State Life Insurance Corporation of Pakistan is led by its newly appointed Chairperson, Mr. Saleem Zia, a former Senator from Punjab (2015–2021) with extensive experience in governance, public administration, and policy oversight. He provides strategic leadership and strong governance oversight to the Board. Mr. Zia holds an LLB degree and brings over 20 years of professional experience, contributing valuable expertise in institutional stewardship and decision-making. The remaining Board consists of a diverse group of independent and non-executive directors. Among the independent directors, Mr. Shoaib Mir holds an MBBS & Diploma with 25 years of experience; Mr. Sheharyar Iftikhar Khan holds an MBA with 25 years of experience; Mr. Khaqan Murtaza holds an MBA/BSc/BA with 30 years of experience and Ms. Tushnamaity Patel is a seasoned entrepreneur with over 25 years of experience in business management, logistics, and supply chain operations. Representing the non-executive cadre as nominees from various ministries are Mr. S. Hamid Ali, who holds an MSc & MBA and possesses 31 years of experience; Mr. Muhammad Asif, who holds a Master's in Public Management with 25 years of experience; and Mr. Muhammad Aslam Ghauri, who holds an MSc & MBA and brings 20 years of experience.


Board Effectiveness

The Board operates through eight committees: (1) Ethics, Human Resource, Remuneration & Nomination Committee, (2) Investment Committee, (3) Audit Committee, (4) Underwriting/Reinsurance & Co-Insurance Committee, (5) Claim Settlement Committee, (6) Risk Management Compliance & Litigation Committee, (7) IT Committee and (8) Board Standing Committee. The Board Committees meets on a need basis.


Financial Transparency

The Company's external auditors for CY25 were M/s Hussain Chaudhury & Co., Chartered Accountants, who were appointed during the year in place of M/s Riaz Ahmad & Co., Chartered Accountants. The auditors issued an unqualified opinion on the Company's financial statements for the year ended CY25. The audit firm is QCR-rated and is included in the State Bank of Pakistan's panel of auditors under Category 'A'.


Management
Organizational Structure

The Corporation holds a horizontal organizational structure with clear reporting lines. The operations include 1) General procurement, 2) HR & Administration, 3) Policy Holders Services (PHS), 4) Real Estate, 5) Finance and Accounts, 6) Investments, 7) Legal Affairs, 8) Group and Pension, 9) Bancassurance, 10) Takaful, 11) Human Resource Development (HRD), which are headed by three Executive Directors (ED) collectively who directly report to the CEO.


Management Team

Mr. Shoaib Javed Hussain - CEO, holds experience of more than two decades, in finance, audit, risk, and strategy across leading global insurance groups. He is a Fellow of the Institute of Actuaries (UK) and holds an MSc in Actuarial Management from Cass Business School, London. Mr. Syed Shahnawaz Nadir Shah - Chief Investment Officer (CIO), brings extensive experience in pension fund and government investment management. He holds an MBA, M.A. in Economics, and a B.Com, combining strong academic and practical expertise to guide the Corporation’s investments. Mr. Muhammad Amjad - Chief Financial Officer (CFO), brings over three decades of experience in finance, accounting, and financial management. He is a Fellow Cost and Management Accountant (FCMA) from the Institute of Cost and Management Accountants of Pakistan (ICMA Pakistan), combining strong professional credentials and extensive practical expertise to oversee the Corporation’s financial management, budgeting, accounting, and financial planning functions.


Effectiveness

The Board is essentially concerned with policy matters only. Therefore, the responsibility of operations and internal controls rests with the Executive/Operational management and departmental heads.


Claim Management System

Claims are settled at three levels in designated committees: 1) Zonal Claims Committee, 2) Regional Claims Committee, and 3) Central Claims Committee. Each Zonal and Regional Claims committee has its authorized limits on the basis of the skills, qualifications, and experience of the respective team. For early death claims (claims during the two years of policy issuance), claims investigators are appointed, and reports are presented to the claims committee.


Investment Management Function

State Life's investment strategy continued to remain conservative, with maximum asset allocation (dynamic) risk-free securities.


Risk Management Framework

Risk Management efforts of the Corporation have been formalized through the constitution of the Board's Risk Management Committee and the creation of the Risk Management Division. Ongoing efforts are being made to strengthen the implementation of the Risk Management Framework.


Business Risk
Industry Dynamics

The life insurance sector in Pakistan recorded Gross Premium Written (GPW) of PKR ~496.9bn in CY25, up ~13.8% YoY, driven by strong growth across both public and private segments. The public segment remained dominant with a ~58.6% share (PKR ~291.2bn, +8.8% YoY), while the private segment outpaced growth at ~21.7% YoY to PKR ~205.7bn, increasing its share to ~41.4%. Despite sustained expansion, the sector remains underpenetrated versus regional peers, though growth is supported by improving macroeconomic conditions, rising bancassurance penetration, and regulatory reforms including IFRS 17 and risk-based capital framework enhancements. The premium mix continued to shift toward quality, with individual regular premiums rising to ~52.8% (CY24: ~47.7%) amid lower inflation and improved purchasing power, while group business moderated to ~38.1% and single premiums declined to ~9.1%. On the claims side, gross claims increased ~7.3% to PKR ~412.7bn, with a decline in surrender claims to ~40.5% reflecting improved retention, while maturity and death claims increased with a growing in-force portfolio. The sector’s investment portfolio remains predominantly concentrated in government securities, mainly Treasury Bills, Pakistan Investment Bonds (PIBs), and Sukuks. This allocation reflects a regulatory-driven and risk-averse investment strategy focused on capital preservation, liquidity management, and stable long-term returns. Sector profitability remained broadly stable at PKR ~23.7bn (-0.8% YoY), as strong premium growth was offset by a ~13.5% decline in investment income due to monetary easing and a sharp reduction in policy rates.  (Source: PACRA Sector Study)


Relative Position

As of CY25, State Life holds the highest market share (~58.2%) in terms of GPW in the industry. As Pakistan's largest life insurer, it operates through 33 zones for individual life business, along with 7 regions and 4 zones for group life business, in addition to Gulf operations through a zonal office in Dubai.


Persistency

During CY25, State Life maintained a strong persistency ratio of approximately 84%, consistent with the previous year. Renewal persistency improved to approximately 92% (CY24: ~90%), reflecting the Corporation’s customer-centric and flexible product offerings, along with its ability to foster long-term relationships with policyholders.


Revenue

During CY25, the Gross Premium Written (GPW) of State Life grew by ~9.1%, reported at ~PKR 289.3bln (CY24: ~PKR 265.3bln). This growth was broad-based, with first-year premium rising sharply to ~PKR 37.9bln (CY24: ~PKR 29.4bln), reflecting ~29% growth, while second-year premiums grew by ~19% to ~PKR 24.8bln (CY24: ~PKR 20.8bln). Subsequent year renewal premiums also expanded by ~9.5% to ~PKR 116.7bln. However, group premiums without cash values declined to ~PKR 136.8bln (CY24: ~PKR 169.2bln), partially offsetting gains from individual life segments. Net premium revenue after reinsurance ceded stood at ~PKR 288.4bln (CY24: ~PKR 264.4bln), reflecting an increase of ~9%.


Profitability

During CY25, State Life's profitability remained strong, underpinned by improved underwriting performance and healthy investment income. The Corporation reported an underwriting profit of approximately PKR 27.7bln (CY24: PKR 3.6bln), primarily attributable to lower net insurance benefits during the year. Investment income increased to approximately PKR 305.4bln (CY24: PKR 308bln), supported by the growth in the investment portfolio. Consequently, profit before tax improved to approximately PKR 26.3bln (CY24: PKR 25.8bln), while profit after tax increased to PKR 16.1bln (CY24: PKR 15.8bln), translating into earnings per share of PKR 201.4 (CY24: PKR 196.9). During the year, the Corporation's expense base expanded, with acquisition expenses rising to approximately PKR 36.8bln (CY24: PKR 32.4bln) and marketing and administrative expenses increasing to approximately PKR 21.9bln (CY24: PKR 19.8bln). Nevertheless, the impact of higher operating expenses was offset by stronger underwriting and investment performance.


Investment Performance

During CY25, State Life maintained a diverse and healthy investment book reported at ~PKR 2,114.4bln (CY24: ~PKR 1,829bln), reflecting robust growth of ~15.6% year-on-year. The portfolio is heavily weighted toward government securities at ~PKR 1,549.3bln (CY24: ~PKR 1,334.3bln), with equity instruments at ~PKR 347.6bln (CY24: ~PKR 294.9bln), cash and bank balances at ~PKR 149.5bln (CY24: ~PKR 76.4bln), debt securities at ~PKR 43.2bln (CY24: ~PKR 30.1bln), mutual funds at ~PKR 20.6bln (CY24: ~PKR 81.8bln) and fixed deposists at ~PKR 779.5mln (CY24: ~PKR 7.6bln). Investment income for CY25 reached ~PKR 189.3bln (CY24: ~PKR 169.5bln), supplemented by net realized fair value gains of ~PKR 60.1bln (CY24: ~PKR 17.9bln) and net unrealized fair value gains of ~PKR 54.9bln (CY24: ~PKR 119.7bln), bringing total investment-related income to ~PKR 305.4bln (CY24: ~PKR 308bln). The strong and diversified investment base continues to be the primary driver of State Life's profitability.


Sustainability

State Life aims to maintain sustained growth with a focus on new avenues of business expansion. In response to rising competition from private sector players, the Corporation continues to expand its product range across health insurance, bancassurance, and Window Takaful. Enhancing digital capabilities to stay competitive and meet evolving customer demands remains a strategic priority. The Corporation benefits from a robust nationwide distribution infrastructure, supported by approximately 1,357 area offices, 302 sector offices, and over 11,000 agency offices operating across 50+ zones and 14 regions, which strengthens its market penetration and supports its long-term growth prospects.


Financial Risk
Claim Efficiency

During CY25, State Life's net insurance benefit expense declined to approximately PKR 223.9bln (CY24: PKR 228.3bln), reflecting a reduction of around 2%, primarily driven by a significant decrease in surrender-related claims under individual policies to approximately PKR 54.8bln (CY24: PKR 78.1bln). Meanwhile, maturity claims under individual policies increased to approximately PKR 58.3bln (CY24: PKR 50.3bln), reflecting the maturing policy portfolio, while gross claims under group policies rose to approximately PKR 98.3bln (CY24: PKR 89.1bln). Owing to the lower claims burden, the Corporation's claims outstanding days improved to 266 days (CY24: 271 days).


Re-Insurance

State Life maintains reinsurance arrangements with Swiss Re (rated 'AA-' by S&P) for both its Pakistan and overseas business, with a net retention limit of PKR 5mln per policy for individual life and PKR 5mln per person for group life. Takaful business is reinsured with Hannover Re Takaful (rated 'AA-' by S&P). All reinsurance assets of the Corporation are held with counterparties rated 'A or above', ensuring negligible credit risk exposure on the reinsurance book. The Corporation's reinsurance program effectively caps large individual exposures while maintaining a disciplined ceding structure, as evidenced by net reinsurance premiums ceded of ~PKR 967mln in CY25 (CY24: ~PKR 894mln).


Cashflows & Coverages

During CY25, the investment portfolio is primarily composed of liquid assets including government securities. Liquid investments to net claims coverage remains strong at approximately 8.4x (CY24: 7.0x), based on net insurance benefit expense of ~PKR 223.9bln (CY24: ~PKR 228.3bln), while liquid assets to net premium revenue stands at approximately 6.5x (CY24: 6.1x), against net premium revenue of ~PKR 288.4bln (CY24: ~PKR 264.4bln), reflecting a strong liquidity position. Moreover, the net cash generated from all activities amounted to ~PKR 73.1bln in CY25 (CY24: ~PKR 4.0bln), underpinned by a strong uptick in underwriting cash flows of ~PKR 233.3bln (CY24: negative ~PKR 196bln).


Capital Adequacy

As of CY25, State Life maintains a strong equity base, reported at ~PKR 66.5bln (CY24: ~PKR 53.4bln), reflecting a year-on-year increase of ~25%, driven by profit retention and growth in Ledger Account C&D to ~PKR 54.1bln (CY24: ~PKR 42.1bln). Paid-up share capital remained unchanged at PKR 8bln, while unappropriated profit increased to ~PKR 4.1bln (CY24: ~PKR 2.2bln). The capital structure is fully backed by the Government of Pakistan as the sole shareholder, providing implicit sovereign support. Total insurance liabilities stood at ~PKR 2,329.1bln against equity of ~PKR 66.5bln, translating into a capital-to-liabilities ratio of approximately 2.9%. The Board of Directors declared a dividend of PKR 3,200mln in Apr'26 (CY24: PKR 3,000mln), reflecting confidence in the Corporation's earnings generation capacity. Furthermore, aggregate retained earnings across the Corporation's statutory funds stood at ~PKR 192.4bln against the aggregate minimum solvency requirement of ~PKR 96.6bln under the SECP Insurance Rules, 2017, providing solvency coverage of approximately 199%. The strong solvency position reflects State Life's ability to meet policyholder obligations, withstand financial stress, and maintain operational stability, supporting its strong financial profile.


 
 

Jun-26

www.pacra.com


(PKR mln)


Dec-25
12M
Dec-24
12M
Dec-23
12M
Audited Audited Audited
A. BALANCE SHEET
1. Investments 2,114,372 1,829,042 1,472,569
2. Insurance Related Assets 61,079 253,327 184,566
3. Other Assets 347,711 281,710 272,152
4. Fixed Assets 3,153 1,915 1,397
Total Assets 2,526,315 2,365,994 1,930,684
5. Underwriting Provisions 0 0 0
6. Insurance Related Liabilities 2,348,219 2,213,997 1,681,523
7. Other Liabilities 111,603 98,615 209,028
8. Borrowings 0 0 0
Total Liabilities 2,459,822 2,312,611 1,890,551
Equity 66,492 53,383 40,132
B. INCOME STATEMENT
1. Gross Premium Written 289,329 265,268 268,879
2. Net Insurance Premium 288,363 264,374 267,844
3. Underwriting Expenses (260,633) (260,765) (277,035)
Underwriting Results 27,730 3,609 (9,190)
4. Management Expenses (21,870) (19,790) (17,849)
5. Investment Income 305,413 308,041 188,500
6. Other Income / (Expense) 46,315 58,345 68,409
7. Net Change in Reserve for Policyholders' Liabilities (331,249) (324,390) (205,390)
Profit Before Tax 26,339 25,815 24,479
8. Taxes (10,230) (10,064) (9,760)
Profit After Tax 16,109 15,751 14,720
C. RATIO ANALYSIS
1. Profitability
Loss Ratio (Net Insurance Claims / Net Insurance Premium ) 77.6% 86.4% 92.4%
Combined Ratio (Loss Ratio + Expense Ratio) 98.0% 106.1% 110.1%
2. Investment Performance
Investment Income / Operating Profit 98.1% 105.5% 116.7%
3. Liquidity
(Liquid Assets - Borrowings) / Outstanding Claims 31.00 6.69 18.86
4. Capital Adequacy
Liquid Investments / Equity 31.64 33.97 36.54

Jun-26

www.pacra.com

Jun-26

www.pacra.com

  1. Rating Team Statements
    1. Rating is just an opinion about the creditworthiness of the entity and does not constitute a recommendation to buy, hold, or sell any security of the entity rated or to buy, hold, or sell the security rated, as the case may be. (Chapter III; 14-3-(x))
    2. Conflict of Interest
      1. The Rating Team or any of their family members have no interest in this rating (Chapter III; 12-2-(j))
      2. PACRA, the analysts involved in the rating process, and members of its rating committee and their family members do not have any conflict of interest relating to the rating done by them (Chapter III; 12-2-(e) & (k))
      3. The analyst is not a substantial shareholder of the customer being rated by PACRA [Annexure F; d-(ii)]
      4. Explanation: for the purpose of the above clause, the term "family members" shall include only those family members who are dependent on the analyst and members of the rating committee.
  2. Restrictions
    1. No director, officer, or employee of PACRA communicates the information acquired by him for use for rating purposes to any other person, except where required under law to do so. (Chapter III; 10-(5))
    2. PACRA does not disclose or discuss with outside parties or make improper use of the non-public information which has come to its knowledge during a business relationship with the customer. (Chapter III; 10-7-(d))
    3. PACRA does not make proposals or recommendations regarding the activities of rated entities that could impact a credit rating of the entity subject to rating. (Chapter III; 10-7-(k))
  3. Conduct of Business
    1. PACRA fulfills its obligations in a fair, efficient, transparent, and ethical manner and renders high standards of services in performing its functions and obligations. (Chapter III; 11-A-(a))
    2. PACRA uses due care in the preparation of this Rating Report. Our information has been obtained from sources we consider to be reliable, but its accuracy or completeness is not guaranteed. PACRA does not, in every instance, independently verify or validate information received in the rating process or in preparing this Rating Report. (Clause 11-(A)(p))
    3. PACRA prohibits its employees and analysts from soliciting money, gifts, or favors from anyone with whom PACRA conducts business. (Chapter III; 11-A-(q))
    4. PACRA ensures before the commencement of the rating process that an analyst or employee has not had a recent employment or other significant business or personal relationship with the rated entity that may cause or may be perceived as causing a conflict of interest. (Chapter III; 11-A-(r))
    5. PACRA maintains the principle of integrity in seeking rating business. (Chapter III; 11-A-(u))
    6. PACRA promptly investigates in the event of misconduct or a breach of the policies, procedures, and controls, and takes appropriate steps to rectify any weaknesses to prevent any recurrence, along with suitable punitive action against the responsible employee(s). (Chapter III; 11-B-(m))
  4. Independence & Conflict of Interest
    1. PACRA receives compensation from the entity being rated or any third party for the rating services it offers. The receipt of this compensation has no influence on PACRA’s opinions or other analytical processes. In all instances, PACRA is committed to preserving the objectivity, integrity, and independence of its ratings. Our relationship is governed by two distinct mandates: i) rating mandate - signed with the entity being rated or issuer of the debt instrument, and ii) fee mandate - signed with the payer, which can be different from the entity.
    2. PACRA does not provide consultancy/advisory services or other services to any of its customers or their associated companies and associated undertakings that are being rated or have been rated by it during the preceding three years, unless it has an adequate mechanism in place ensuring that the provision of such services does not lead to a conflict of interest situation with its rating activities. (Chapter III; 12-2-(d))
    3. PACRA discloses that no shareholder directly or indirectly holding 10% or more of the share capital of PACRA also holds directly or indirectly 10% or more of the share capital of the entity which is subject to rating or the entity which issued the instrument subject to rating by PACRA. (Chapter III; 12-2-(f))
    4. PACRA ensures that the rating assigned to an entity or instrument is not affected by the existence of a business relationship between PACRA and the entity or any other party, or the non-existence of such a relationship. (Chapter III; 12-2-(i))
    5. PACRA ensures that the analysts or any of their family members shall not buy, sell, or engage in any transaction in any security which falls in the analyst’s area of primary analytical responsibility. This clause, however, does not apply to investments in securities through collective investment schemes. (Chapter III; 12-2-(l))
    6. PACRA has established policies and procedures governing investments and trading in securities by its employees and for monitoring the same to prevent insider trading, market manipulation, or any other market abuse. (Chapter III; 11-B-(g))
  5. Monitoring and Review
    1. PACRA monitors all the outstanding ratings continuously, and any potential change therein due to any event associated with the issuer, the security arrangement, the industry, etc., is disseminated to the market immediately and in an effective manner after appropriate consultation with the entity/issuer. (Chapter III; 17-(a))
    2. PACRA reviews all the outstanding ratings periodically on an annual basis. Provided that public dissemination of annual review and in an instance of change in rating will be made. (Chapter III; 17-(b))
    3. PACRA initiates an immediate review of the outstanding rating upon becoming aware of any information that may reasonably be expected to result in downgrading of the rating. (Chapter III; 17-(c))
    4. PACRA engages with the issuer and the debt securities trustee to remain updated on all information pertaining to the rating of the entity/instrument. (Chapter III; 17-(d))
  6. Probability of Default
    1. PACRA’s Rating Scale reflects the expectation of credit risk. The highest rating has the lowest relative likelihood of default (i.e., probability). PACRA’s transition studies capture the historical performance behavior of a specific rating notch. Transition behavior of the assigned rating can be obtained from PACRA’s Transition Study available at our website. (www.pacra.com) However, the actual transition of rating may not follow the pattern observed in the past. (Chapter III; 14-3(f)(vii))
  7. Proprietary Information
    1. All information contained herein is considered proprietary by PACRA. Hence, none of the information in this document can be copied or otherwise reproduced, stored, or disseminated in whole or in part in any form or by any means whatsoever by any person without PACRA’s prior written consent.

Jun-26

www.pacra.com